> ## Content Index > Fetch the complete content index at: https://stablecoininsider.org/llms.txt > Use this file to discover other available public pages before exploring further. # Brad Garlinghouse: From Yahoo to RLUSD's Dual-Charter Dollar - URL: https://stablecoininsider.org/brad-garlinghouse-ripple/ - Published: 2026-09-25T12:09:11.000Z - Updated: 2026-09-25T12:09:11.000Z - Description: Brad Garlinghouse leads Ripple's RLUSD push: NYDFS trust issuance via SCTC, conditional OCC approval for Ripple National Trust Bank, and a Sept 2026 corporate-treasury narrative around ~$2.4B RLUSD. - Author: Alexandra - Tags: Leaders, Fintech, Stablecoins **Brad Garlinghouse** is chief executive officer of **Ripple**. He joined as COO in **April 2015** and became CEO in **December 2016** (Wikipedia; TechCrunch contemporary coverage). Ripple's named dollar is **RLUSD** (Ripple USD), launched in **December 2024** and issued by **Standard Custody & Trust Company (SCTC)**, a Ripple subsidiary under a New York limited-purpose trust charter. Ripple's September 2026 institutional framing for RLUSD is dual: **NYDFS** trust supervision already live, plus **conditional OCC approval** (12 December 2025) to charter **Ripple National Trust Bank** as a federal layer that would act as collateral trustee over RLUSD reserves ([Ripple Insights, 11 Sep 2026](https://ripple.com/insights/what-actually-makes-a-stablecoin-regulated-a-guide-for-institutions-evaluating-rlusd/); [Ripple OCC press, 12 Dec 2025](https://ripple.com/ripple-press/ripple-secures-federal-approval-to-establish-national-trust-bank/)). 📌 Stablecoin Insider's framing: Garlinghouse is the payments-rail CEO who is now selling RLUSD as an institutional dollar with a documented charter stack, not as an XRP substitute. The named objects for diligence are Garlinghouse (CEO), SCTC (issuer), RLUSD (token), NYDFS (state trust), and conditional Ripple National Trust Bank (federal trustee track). This founder highlight covers Garlinghouse's path from Yahoo and AOL into Ripple, what RLUSD's reserve and supervision model claims, the Sept 2026 corporate-treasury push (CoinDesk), where XRP and RLUSD sit as complementary payment tools in his own remarks, and where dual-charter marketing still stops short of a completed federal charter. For a federally chartered issuer peer, see [Jeremy Allaire](https://stablecoininsider.org/jeremy-allaire-from-coldfusion-to-circles-federally-chartered-dollar-machine/). For a NYDFS-trust white-label issuer peer, see [Charles Cascarilla](https://stablecoininsider.org/charles-cascarilla-paxos/). For the market-cap leader's founder lane, see [Paolo Ardoino](https://stablecoininsider.org/paolo-ardoino/). [How to Mint and Redeem RLUSD with Ripple Mint (2026)Operator how-to for mint and redeem rails behind Ripple's RLUSD dollar.![](https://stablecoininsider.org/favicon.ico)Stablecoin Insider](https://stablecoininsider.org/how-to-mint-and-redeem-rlusd-with-ripple-mint/) ### Key Takeaways - Garlinghouse: Yahoo SVP (Homepage, Flickr, Mail, Messenger), AOL consumer apps president, Hightail CEO; Ripple COO April 2015, CEO December 2016 (Wikipedia). - RLUSD launched December 2024; issued by SCTC under NYDFS limited-purpose trust; reserves in cash, short-term U.S. Treasuries, cash equivalents; BNY Mellon named as reserve custodian (Ripple Insights 11 Sep 2026; Ripple docs). - OCC granted conditional approval on 12 Dec 2025 for Ripple National Trust Bank; not a completed charter; proposed role includes collateral trustee of RLUSD reserves (Ripple press; OCC application PDF). - CoinDesk (12 Sep 2026): Jack McDonald said Ripple Treasury's \~1,200 CFO/treasurer customers touch \~$13T annual transactions; RLUSD circulation \~$2.4B with daily activity \~$750M (company figures via Token Terminal / interview). - Garlinghouse (remarks recirculated 24 Sep 2026): not an XRP maximalist; XRP or a stablecoin may be the better payment tool depending on the customer problem (The Crypto Basic summarizing X clips). ⚠️ Named downside: conditional OCC approval is not final approval. Ripple Insights is explicit that Ripple National Trust Bank remains one step in a multi-stage federal chartering process. Treasury teams that treat dual-charter marketing as a finished federal bank charter will mis-map supervisory status and insolvency protections until final OCC conditions are met and the trust bank opens. ## Who Brad Garlinghouse is Bradley Kent Garlinghouse was born **6 February 1971** in Topeka, Kansas. He holds a B.A. in economics from the **University of Kansas** and an M.B.A. from **Harvard Business School** (Wikipedia). Early career included @Home Network / @Ventures and Dialpad (CEO 2000 to 2001). From **2003 to 2008** he was Senior Vice President at **Yahoo**, running Homepage, Flickr, Yahoo Mail, and Yahoo Messenger. In November 2006 he authored the internal **Peanut Butter Manifesto**, arguing Yahoo was spreading itself too thin (Wall Street Journal coverage of the memo). He later advised **Silver Lake Partners**, served as President of Consumer Applications at **AOL** (2009 to 2011), and was CEO of **Hightail** (formerly YouSendIt) until September 2014. At Ripple he reported initially to co-founder and then-CEO **Chris Larsen** as COO, then took the CEO seat in late 2016\. Wikipedia also notes his April 2026 **Harvard Business School Business Leader of the Year** recognition (National Law Review coverage cited on the biography page). Stablecoin Insider's read: Garlinghouse sells regulated enterprise payments and a house dollar that must clear bank and treasury procurement, not a retail meme brand. That sits next to [Jeremy Allaire](https://stablecoininsider.org/jeremy-allaire-from-coldfusion-to-circles-federally-chartered-dollar-machine/)'s Circle/USDC issuer lane and [Charles Cascarilla](https://stablecoininsider.org/charles-cascarilla-paxos/)'s Paxos white-label trust lane. ## RLUSD: NYDFS trust dollar, not a money-transmitter patchwork Ripple docs describe **RLUSD** as a USD stablecoin backed one-to-one by high-quality liquid assets, cash, and cash equivalents, designed around stability, efficiency, and regulatory compliance for institutional use cases from cross-border payments into DeFi ([Ripple docs: RLUSD overview](https://docs.ripple.com/products/stablecoin/overview/rlusd)). The 11 September 2026 Ripple Insights guide is the clearest primary map of the issuer stack. **SCTC** issues RLUSD under a **NYDFS limited-purpose trust company charter**. That model, as Ripple describes it, covers reserve composition, segregation, independent attestations, and review of material operational changes. Reserves are held in cash, short-term U.S. Treasuries, and cash equivalents, with **BNY Mellon** engaged as a reserve custodian. Ripple docs separately note monthly independent CPA attestations (Deloitte named in product overview materials) against AICPA attestation standards. Ripple contrasts that trust-charter path with money-transmitter license stacks that regulate fund movement and stored value but historically varied by state on stablecoin-specific reserve and attestation rules. The **GENIUS Act** (signed July 2025) is Ripple's cited federal payment-stablecoin framework backdrop for why a national trust bank layer matters for larger issuers. 💡 Stablecoin Insider's take: Garlinghouse's RLUSD pitch is charter specificity. "Regulated" alone is marketing. The diligence questions Ripple itself lists (who supervises you, what reserves must hold, what happens on issuer failure) are the right checklist for any institutional dollar, including peers that use different license types. ## Conditional OCC approval and what "dual charter" actually means On **12 December 2025**, the OCC announced conditional approval for Ripple to establish **Ripple National Trust Bank (RNTB)**, a federally supervised national trust bank ([Ripple press release](https://ripple.com/ripple-press/ripple-secures-federal-approval-to-establish-national-trust-bank/); [OCC / application materials PDF](https://www.occ.gov/topics/charters-and-licensing/digital-assets-licensing-applications/ripple-national-trust-bank.pdf)). Garlinghouse called it "a massive step forward" for stablecoin compliance with both federal and state oversight. Ripple's September 2026 Insights restatement is more precise than launch-day marketing: the approval **adds a federal supervisory layer on top of the existing NYDFS charter rather than replacing it**. RNTB is described as the intended **collateral trustee** of RLUSD reserves to protect holders if SCTC were insolvent. It is **conditional**: pre-opening requirements (governance, capital, compliance) remain, and final approval / opening is not automatic. For operators, the practical split is: SCTC remains the NYDFS-supervised issuer of RLUSD today; RNTB is the proposed federal trust-bank vehicle for reserve fiduciary services once conditions clear. Dual-charter language without that split overstates the live supervisory map. | Milestone | Date / figure | Source posture | | ------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ | | Born Topeka, Kansas | 6 Feb 1971 | Wikipedia | | Yahoo SVP (Homepage, Flickr, Mail, Messenger) | 2003 to 2008; Peanut Butter Manifesto Nov 2006 | Wikipedia / WSJ | | AOL President, Consumer Applications | 2009 to 2011 | Wikipedia | | Hightail CEO | Until Sep 2014 | Wikipedia / Vox | | Ripple COO then CEO | COO Apr 2015; CEO Dec 2016 | Wikipedia / TechCrunch | | RLUSD launch (SCTC / NYDFS trust) | December 2024 | Ripple Insights 11 Sep 2026 | | OCC conditional approval for Ripple National Trust Bank | 12 Dec 2025 | Ripple press + OCC materials | | GENIUS Act signed (U.S. payment stablecoin framework) | July 2025 | Ripple Insights / Ripple press | | Ripple Insights dual-charter / reserve guide | 11 Sep 2026 | ripple.com/insights | | CoinDesk treasury interview (McDonald) | 12 Sep 2026; RLUSD \~$2.4B; \~$750M daily activity cited | CoinDesk | | Garlinghouse XRP vs stablecoin remarks recirculated | 24 Sep 2026 secondary; interview origin earlier 2026 | The Crypto Basic | ## Sept 2026: the $13T treasury narrative and RLUSD scale CoinDesk's **12 September 2026** interview with **Jack McDonald** (Ripple SVP of Stablecoins) is the timely distribution story sitting under Garlinghouse's CEO brand. McDonald said **Ripple Treasury**, built around Ripple's **$1 billion** acquisition of **GTreasury**, serves roughly **1,200** corporate treasurer and CFO customers who "touch roughly 13 trillion dollars worth of transactions on an annual basis." That $13 trillion figure is **existing customer transaction flow**, not committed RLUSD volume, revenue, or a conversion forecast. CoinDesk also reported RLUSD circulating supply at about **$2.4 billion** (up more than 50% over the prior month per Token Terminal data cited), with roughly **$1.4B on Ethereum** and **$1.0B on the XRP Ledger**, and daily activity cited at about **$750 million** versus about $200 million earlier in the year. McDonald positioned payments and capital markets as the two main adoption lanes, named Europe / MiCA dual-issuance as a priority expansion path, and listed approved or added networks including Base, Ink, Optimism, and Unichain while rejecting a "everywhere" chain strategy. Treat interview metrics as company-sourced and dated to mid-September 2026. [Jeremy Allaire: From ColdFusion to Circle's Federally Chartered Dollar MachineFederally chartered issuer founder peer for operators comparing USDC and RLUSD charter stacks.![](https://stablecoininsider.org/favicon.ico)Stablecoin Insider](https://stablecoininsider.org/jeremy-allaire-from-coldfusion-to-circles-federally-chartered-dollar-machine/) ## XRP vs RLUSD: Garlinghouse's customer-first framing A 24 September 2026 secondary write-up recirculated Garlinghouse remarks distinguishing XRP maximalism from multi-asset payments. He said he is "not an XRP maximalist" and that XRP may be the best bridge asset for a problem, or a stablecoin may solve it better, with a happy customer as the priority ([The Crypto Basic, 24 Sep 2026](https://thecryptobasic.com/2026/09/24/ripple-ceo-says-he-is-not-an-xrp-maximalist-puts-customer-needs-first/)). That framing matches Ripple's product posture: XRP as a bridge asset with market price, RLUSD as a dollar-denominated stablecoin backed by cash and Treasuries. Ripple Payments documentation (as summarized in secondary coverage) lists RLUSD alongside USDC, USDT, and fiat for funding, settlement, and payouts. For SCI's operator how-tos, see [mint and redeem RLUSD with Ripple Mint](https://stablecoininsider.org/how-to-mint-and-redeem-rlusd-with-ripple-mint/) and [Ripple Payments Direct USDC payout](https://stablecoininsider.org/how-to-send-a-ripple-payments-direct-usdc-payout/). ## Peer map: Allaire, Cascarilla, Ardoino, Abrams Jeremy Allaire's Circle is the federally chartered issuer brand most operators already diligence against USDC. Garlinghouse's RLUSD stack today is NYDFS trust plus a conditional OCC national trust bank, not a finished twin of Circle's federal posture. Charles Cascarilla's Paxos issues branded dollars through chartered trusts (PYUSD / USDG map). That is the closest structural peer to SCTC's NYDFS limited-purpose trust lane. Paolo Ardoino's Tether remains the scale and offshore-issuer contrast. Zach Abrams sold Bridge into Stripe's processor stack; Jesse Hemson-Struthers sold BVNK into Mastercard's rail story. Garlinghouse is still bundling RLUSD into Ripple Payments, Ripple Treasury, Ripple Prime, and custody rather than exiting into a card network. If your diligence question is "who issues and who supervises my dollar," start with SCTC + NYDFS + the conditional RNTB status. If your question is "who owns the checkout rail," start with [Zach Abrams](https://stablecoininsider.org/zach-abrams/) or [Jesse Hemson-Struthers](https://stablecoininsider.org/jesse-hemson-struthers-bvnk/). ## Who this founder profile is for (and who should skip it) Read this if you evaluate institutional USD stablecoins with state trust charters, dual state/federal supervision paths, corporate treasury distribution into CFO software, or Ripple Payments / RLUSD vs XRP bridge design. Skip if you need a retail XRP price thesis, a generic "what is a stablecoin" explainer, or a claim that conditional OCC approval equals an open national bank. Ripple marketing will keep saying dual charter and institutional dollar. Your counterparty memo should still say which entity (SCTC vs proposed RNTB vs BNY Mellon custodian roles) holds reserves, attestations, and redemption ops on the date you size exposure. [Browse Stablecoin Insider Leaders](https://stablecoininsider.org/tag/leaders/) --- ## FAQ #### Who is Brad Garlinghouse? Bradley Kent Garlinghouse (born 6 February 1971) is CEO of Ripple. He was a Yahoo SVP (2003 to 2008), AOL consumer applications president (2009 to 2011), and Hightail CEO before joining Ripple as COO in April 2015 and becoming CEO in December 2016. #### What is RLUSD? RLUSD (Ripple USD) is Ripple's USD stablecoin, launched in December 2024\. It is issued by Standard Custody & Trust Company (SCTC), a Ripple subsidiary, under a New York limited-purpose trust charter supervised by NYDFS, and documented as backed 1:1 by cash, short-term U.S. Treasuries, and cash equivalents. #### Does RLUSD already have a finished OCC national trust bank charter? No. On 12 December 2025 the OCC granted conditional approval for Ripple National Trust Bank. Ripple Insights (11 Sep 2026) states this is one step in a multi-stage federal chartering process, not a completed charter, and that NYDFS supervision of the SCTC-issued RLUSD stack continues. #### What is the $13 trillion treasury figure? In a CoinDesk interview published 12 September 2026, Ripple SVP of Stablecoins Jack McDonald said Ripple Treasury's roughly 1,200 corporate treasurer and CFO customers touch about $13 trillion in transactions annually. That describes existing customer flow, not committed RLUSD volume. #### How does Garlinghouse describe XRP versus stablecoins? Remarks recirculated on 24 September 2026 quote Garlinghouse saying he is not an XRP maximalist and that XRP may be the best bridge asset for a payment problem, or a stablecoin may solve it better, with customer outcome as the priority. #### Who holds RLUSD reserves? Ripple Insights names BNY Mellon as a reserve custodian for RLUSD reserves held in cash, short-term U.S. Treasuries, and cash equivalents under the NYDFS trust model. Proposed Ripple National Trust Bank would serve as collateral trustee of those reserves if and when the federal charter is finalized and opened. [Charles Cascarilla: The Regulated Issuer Behind PYUSD and USDGNYDFS-trust / white-label issuer founder peer for RLUSD's SCTC charter lane.![](https://stablecoininsider.org/favicon.ico)Stablecoin Insider](https://stablecoininsider.org/charles-cascarilla-paxos/) Map SCTC, NYDFS, and conditional Ripple National Trust Bank status before you size RLUSD exposure, then walk the mint and redeem path if treasury ops need a live rail test. [How to mint and redeem RLUSD with Ripple Mint ](https://stablecoininsider.org/how-to-mint-and-redeem-rlusd-with-ripple-mint/) This content is provided for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute financial, investment, legal, or tax advice; no material herein should be interpreted as a recommendation, endorsement, or solicitation to buy or sell any financial instrument, and readers should conduct their own independent research or consult a qualified professional.